Web services (sometimes called application services) are services (usually including some combination of programming and data, but possibly including human resources as well) that are made available from a business's Web server for Web users or other Web-connected programs.
Web services are the interchange of XML-based queries and responses between clients and servers over the Internet or an intranet via standard protocols such as HTTP, HTTPS.
SOAP : Soap brings it’s own protocol and focuses on exposing pieces of application logic (not data) as services. SOAP exposes operations. SOAP is focused on accessing named operations, each implement some business logic through different interfaces.
Though SOAP is commonly referred to as “Web services” this is a misnomer. SOAP has very little if anything to do with the Web.
REST : Rests sweet spot is when you are exposing a public API over the internet to handle CRUD operations on data. REST is focused on accessing named resources through a single consistent interface.REST provides true “Web services” based on URIs and HTTP.
JSON: JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight data-interchange format. It is easy for humans to read and write. It is easy for machines to parse and generate.
XML: Extensible Markup Language (XML) is used to describe data. The XML standard is a flexible way to create information formats and electronically share structured data via the public Internet, as well as via corporate networks.
XML is a software- and hardware-independent tool for storing and transporting information.
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